@ParaGauchial there are lots of not-great-things about a paradigm where monopoly is treated as an exceptional condition that FTC or courts must adjudicate. it's better to think about elasticities, make high elasticities (price elasticity of demand most obviously, but for many firm "price" is extracted in dimensions other than money) the goal. 1/

@ParaGauchial if a thing is a natural monopoly, in the sense that sustaining fragmentation is so costly in real terms that the benefits of competition don't overcome the costs of nonconsolidation (extremely high fixed costs per firm, or strong network effects, for example), that is an argument for public control. we tend to prefer public control externally + indirectly via regul8n. but i wonder if we shouldn't, for informational reasons, prefer internal control by municipaliz8n or nationaliz8n.