@Alon Sure. Scheduling systems, like other aspects of working conditions, can admit real efficiencies and inefficiencies. Sometimes (as in US "dynamically scheduled" shiftwork), an "efficiency" from a business perspective is really just a transfer from the workforce. But not always. It is possible to schedule in ways that better satisfy workers and the employer, or for better satisfaction of one party to be so large they can compensate the other to create a clear net gain to all.